The Media, Oppression, And The Islam - 915 Words

What do most people imagine when they hear the terms â€Å"Islam† or â€Å"Muslim†? Is it a flattering picture? Perhaps it is the image of a dirty, turban wearing, dark skinned man. Or a culture that is often described as psychopathic, radical, and only consisting of terrorists. This cruel image has affected the treatment of Arabic people and religion by forcing Muslims to endure stereotypes that cause discrimination and hostility. The main source that upholds the harsh view of Islamic culture is the strong media bias. However, the media would not hold such a strong influence over the general population if people took time to consider the source of this partiality. In the process of understanding the media, oppression, and the Islam religion, as well as how the elements are intertwined, the simple solution of education presented itself; a result that allows for a better understanding and recognition of discrimination in mass media. Education is the solution to prejudice d westernized media that has projected Islamophobia for years; triggering hatred, discrimination, oppression, and pure racism- especially in the United States after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001- to an entire culture. The basic purpose of mass media is to provide the public with easy access to reliable and accurate information, yet there is a shift in priorities, as coverage focuses more on what the audience wants to hear rather than actual facts. This focus can become dangerous when biased westernizedShow MoreRelatedEvelyn Alsultany Takes A Different Approach To The Oppression1585 Words   |  7 Pagesthe oppression of Muslim women that the U.S. portrayed in the media to fuel the War on Terror and analyses that the U.S. portrayed Islam as backwards and an uncivilized culture. Alsultany analyzes published stories and news shows on CNN, NBC, CBS, and Fox after the 9/11 attacks and concludes that these news stations used women’s oppression and linked it with terrorist attacks because they conveyed that Muslim men hated the West’s cultural ideals of women being free and wanted to impose Islam on theRead MoreReligion For Some Is A Pathway To Heaven. Following Any1134 Words   |  5 Pa gesReligion for some is a pathway to Heaven. Following any religion is a personal choice of living a life with faith in a divine and supreme power. As any other major religion, Islam promotes peace, love and equality for all mankind . People who follow Islam are Muslims which is defined as â€Å"one who surrenders† in front of God. Islam has given both rights and responsibilities to men and women, but it has also handed extra responsibility to men to look after their families, to provide for them, and toRead MoreMuslim Women Are Oppressed By Their Religion Essay1272 Words   |  6 Pagesoppressed by their religion. Oppression is the use of power and control to treat people in an unjust and cruel manner (Merriam Webster 2016). According to the Quran 2016, Islam is a religion of peace, submission, purity and obedience to the wording of Allah (God), which is an Abrahamic, monotheistic faith. Islam is the second largest religion in the world founded in the seventh century and was revealed through Prophet Mohammad. However, in contempory Australian society, Islam is seen as a violent andRead MoreThe Gender Roles1630 Words   |  7 Pagesreligion Islam. These days we hear so many negative things regarding women in Islam. The only time we hear those words together on the news anymore is when some Islamic country is terribly mis-treating its women. The media just loves a juicy story of some barbaric Islamist controlled country mistreating their women. They write their stories in a way that implies all Muslim countries are like this. I truly believe one the biggest problems today (at least in western culture) is the media. Media outletsRead MoreCulture Within The Islamic Religion1290 Words   |  6 Pagesprone to stereotyping. Islam is practiced all over the world by people from different ethnic backgrounds. As long as cultural traditions don’t contradict the teaching of the Holy Quran, anyone from any culture can be a Muslim. The primary difference between culture and religions is that it is localized. Islam is one of the major religions in the world, and it is preached and practiced by hundred millions of believers (Omotosho n.p) In comparison to Christianity, Islam is usually stereotypedRead MoreMedia Portrayal of Islam Essay760 Words   |  4 PagesIslam: suppressor of women, enemy of Western nations, and breeder of terrorists. The West has many stereotypes and misconceptions about Islam that are due to the media, prejudice, and ignorance. Islam is often seen as an extremist or terrorist religion. Often, the medias reports about Islam are incorrect due to ignorance or not wanting to acknowledge its true teachings. This is one of the reasons why Westerners are often wary of Muslims. In contrast to what the media portrays, Islam is a peacefulRead MoreUnveiling The Hijab : Oppression Versus Self Determination1719 Words   |  7 Pages Unveiling the hijab: oppression versus self-determination in modern Islam The hijab is a traditional headdress worn by Muslim women, and to a lesser extent, Muslim men, based on Qur anic interpretations relating to modesty. Since religious mandates are rarely enforced in modern society, especially in Western nations, the persistent practice of wearing veils by Muslim women has received increasing scrutiny from government agencies and certain feminist groups . A common misconception stems fromRead MoreFemale Equality and the Quran1771 Words   |  7 Pagesimportantly, it’s not about assigning blame. There is not a freed woman on one side and an imprisoned on the other.’ Muslim women: the Western view of these ladies is one of abuse, terror and oppression. The burka has become a symbol of male control and domination, warping the truth about Islam, and turning it into a violent regime focused on terrorism and ruling by fear. For example, if one were to do a â€Å"Google search† on the words Muslim women, the preponderance of images are of burka-cladRead MoreThe Misconceptions About Women in Islam Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesThe Misconceptions About Women in Islam While people in the west think that women in Islam are oppressed, they do not know that Islam liberated women from oppression. There are many people who have opinions about the religion of Islam, but mostly about the women who follow it. Westerners have this idea that women in Islam are disrespected, mistreated and oppressed. In actuality, these allegations are incorrect. Women in Islam have rights and are not oppressed. The veil is widely misunderstoodRead MoreReligious Mosaic Of Contemporary America983 Words   |  4 Pagesreadings, I believe it was a constant theme. Lastly, I will be addressing a â€Å"persona† I felt that was throughout the in-class discussions, and readings about â€Å"US† (Americans) vs â€Å"THEM† (Muslims). Islamophobia is a hatred or fear of the religion of Islam, Muslims, and of their politics or culture. â€Å"Muslims struggle for recognition of their beliefs and practices within the religious mosaic of contemporary America† (3, Shari’ a ...U.S.).America was founded on Christian principles, though many of our

Is The Recognized Perception Of Autism How Does It Affect...

What happens when you spend the majority of your life living with a misdiagnosed disease? How does it affect your life? Do you become depressed? What happens when you are treated for something that isn’t affecting you? Could that make you worse? For many women, this life and these questions are a very harmful reality. Recently, there has been a surge of late-diagnoses for women on the high functioning end of the autism spectrum. These women had previously been diagnosed with everything from depression and anxiety to multiple personality disorder and had spent years wondering why no treatments seemed to work for them. Why does this happen? Recent strides in autism research has enabled doctors to pinpoint autism as early as infancy in some cases, so why are these women not being diagnosed until much later in life? To understand this, we must first understand what the recognized perception of autism is. For most of the public and many within the research community, autism is seen as a very masculine disease. Not only do males make up most of the population diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, but autism is also seen as an exaggeration of the stereotypical male brain. As a matter of fact, Simon Baron-Cohen, the scientist who discovered the â€Å"extreme male brain† (EMB) theory of autism, found that females on the autism spectrum displayed more masculinized personality traits. Baron-Cohen acknowledged that there was a slight difference in the severity ofShow MoreRelatedAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1575 Words   |  7 PagesThere are a wide variety of symptoms that have been associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD, the name adopted in 2013) including, repetitive movements, emotional difficulties, sensory problems, etc. The exact cause of these symptoms is a widely debated topic. In this paper, I will discuss the overall prevalent causes for Autism as well as the different variations and subgroups. People are familiar with other disorders such as Down syndrome or Trisomy 21. These types of disorders are discussedRead MoreIntroduction. Managing Autism Can Be A Challenge To Cope1397 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Managing autism can be a challenge to cope with in any family with-out understanding ASD. In the article, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Catherine Lord explains autism spectrum disorder, or ASD, as a neurodevelopmental syndrome that is defined by deficits in social reciprocity and communication, and by unusual restricted, repetitive disorder (2000. P355). Parenting a child on the autism spectrum is difficult for any parent who is uneducated about the specific disorder their child is facedRead MoreVaccination Is The Most Important Factor2351 Words   |  10 Pagesa single person, they benefit an entire community. Vaccines impact not only communities but also the population, which is proven to be higher success rate than most other health interventions attempted. Lastly, vaccines are both cost effective and life saving by preventing deadly diseases (Davey et al 13). Vaccines have showed to be one of the most cost effective and effectual medical interventions obtainable nowadays (Institu te of Medicine Staff). Approximately 20% of the worlds children, mostlyRead MoreCase Study Of A User Undergoing A Radiographic Examination Or Procedure3265 Words   |  14 Pages Case study of a user undergoing a radiographic examination or procedure Student I.D S149389 Word count: 2730 MI5-The Service User For this case study I will evaluate the care consideration for my patient with autism and how their additional needs were met in the X-ray department in order to accommodate the patient. We will consider the care of the service user and the adaptations in order to meet the needs of the patient. Throughout this examination we will look at legislations, policiesRead MoreJob Motivation Differnce Ampong Male and Female Employees7828 Words   |  32 Pagesmotivate your employees and you can turn things around for everyone. You may be thinking that the change needs to come from the individuals when really the change begins with you. Being in a management position by default makes you a leader. Others are looking to you for guidance and support. You must rise to the occasion. Your management style can greatly improve the general attitude in the workplace. Positive messages coming from you as a manager will go a long way towards improving your productivityRead MoreThe Development of Empathy10581 Words   |  43 Pagesimportant component of empathy. Research in this area suggests that different aspects of empathy interact with each other to produce empathic experiences (Decety Jackson 2004). Determining the age at which infants display empathy depends on your definition of empathy. Most models of empathy involve â€Å"an affective response that is more appropriate to another’s situation that one’s own† (Hoffman, 2000, p. 4). Hoffman’s model (1983) emphasizes a motivational component of empathy and its role inRead MoreA Descriptive Study of the Practice of Music Therapy in Hong Kong17388 Words   |  70 Pagesproject: Raymond Ng, Ivory Chan, Andrea Chan, Joanna Chan and Yasmin Li. It is my great pleasure to know all of them. Last, but by no means least, I wish to t\hank my dear parents for the love and support they have given to me so freely throughout my life, for the musical opportunities that they made available to me as a child, and for teaching me to do my very best in everything I undertake. TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER I Definition of Music Therapy Historical Use of Healing in Music Recent DevelopmentRead MoreAn Assessment of the Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Nigerian Society: the Examples of Banking and Communication Industries18990 Words   |  76 Pagessystematically used corporate funds to create a healthy community which, at the same time is a direct, though intangible investment in a healthy environment for his company. Miller specifically aimed at endowing his small industrial town with the ‘quality of life’ that would attract to it the managerial and technical people on whom a big high-technology business depends. Only if business and particularly Nigerian business learns that to do well it has to do good, can we hope to tackle the major challenges facingRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesphotocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to u se material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designationsRead MoreHigh School Student Essay20272 Words   |  82 Pagesas we try to answer the following questions: â™ ¦ â™ ¦ â™ ¦ â™ ¦ â™ ¦ What is cultural diversity, and how does it influence student learning? How are the educational experiences of boys and girls different? How do schools accommodate ability differences in learners? What are learning styles, and how should teachers respond to them? Who are learners with exceptionalities, and how can schools best meet their needs? Let’s see how learner diversity influences the lives of teac hers. Shannon Wilson, a fifth-grade teacher

To What Extent Did Lenin Adhere to Communist Ideology in His Consolidation of Power free essay sample

To What Extent Did Lenin Adhere To Communist Ideology In His Consolidation Of Power? In this essay I will first explore how the Bolshevik party developed communism in Russia after their success in the Russian Revolution. I shall then revise if Lenin remained faithful to communist ideals, and if not, why. To answer a question on communist ideology, it is crucial to define communism in its root forms. Marxism, the political belief from which communism is derived, is the political theory by Karl Marx in the mid-to-late 19th century, which calls for a classless society. It declares that capitalism in all its forms is destructive for a society, and that each individual should work for the government, therefore for the common good of all the society. Vladimir Lenin took Marx’s theory and applied it to post-revolution Russia. After the October Revolution of 1917, Lenin introduced three political policies, that each imposed communist ideals on the country. We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent Did Lenin Adhere to Communist Ideology in His Consolidation of Power? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Council of People’s Commissars (or Sovnarkom), created in November 1917, was the first step towards the political construction of the Soviet Union. The members were all Bolsheviks, and each one was part of Lenin’s elitist Vanguard party. Lenin was chairman, Alexei Rykov Commissar of the Interior and Leon Trotsky was appointed Commissar of Foreign Affairs. With this union, the Sovnarkom governed the territories the Bolsheviks controlled, and therefore applied communism as the political state. It was a year later, in February 1918, when Lenin again enforced communist ideals on Russia. He secularized the country, banning religious teachings in the classroom. Between April and June, the state took ownership of banks, mineral resources, foreign trade and national industries, and outlawed the inheritance of property. A new constitution was formed on the 10th of July, 1918, and the state was re-named the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic (RSFSR). Based upon the ‘He who does not work, neither shall he eat’ communist philosophy, the RSFSR declared itself as a classless society, with no privatization of property and religious freedom. Anyone could vote, apart from previous members of the Tsarist government. The All-Russian Congress of Soviets was declared the new electoral system. The third major implementation of communist Leninism was what is now known as War Communism. This economic policy was introduced during the desperate years of the Russian civil war, lasting from June 1918 to 1921. All forms of economic production and distribution were strictly controlled by the government, and all forms of private trade were made illegal. In an attempt to fairly distribute food around the impoverished country, and also to supply the army, a mass requisitioning of grain was ordered to be carried out throughout the country. The food was rationed to each proletariat population, according to its contribution to Russia’s economy. Non-working classes were forced into labor, and a strict discipline was imposed on many industrial workers. If the workers showed any sign of resistance, they could be shot. To sustain the industrial and social workings, the printing of vast amounts of money was ordered. Even though Lenin imposed these political reforms so that Russia could make it through the civil war in one-piece, the harsh nature of these policies had disastrous effects. Inflation destroyed the rouble, and dire famine struck many parts of Russia. All in all, during the years of 1917 to 1921, it is estimated that the amount of deaths because of disease and famine is about nine million. Parts of the peasant populous, which had been deeply affected both by the civil war and by the scarceness of food, gathered together and conducted uprisings throughout Russia in protest. During the escalation of the Russian revolution, Lenin had relentlessly stuck to and promoted his communist beliefs and ideals. But when it came to the actual implication of them on Russian society, the issue proved to be more complicated. As noted by historian D. Mitchell, â€Å"The Bolsheviks had not captured a Ship of State, they had boarded a derelict†. This statement refers to the strenuous socioeconomic situation that reigned over Russia after the October revolution. The people were exhausted after overthrowing the oppressing Tsarist regime, and the country was in political disarray. To properly control Russia, and to bring it back to a steady Soviet state, Lenin commenced several policies that seemed to go against his communist philosophies. The first of these communist-contradictions occurred in March 1918, known as the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Fulfilling their promises concerning Russian withdrawal from World War I, the Bolsheviks released the ‘Decree on Peace’, which ordered all fighting forces to form peace treaties in their according regions. As a result, Ukraine, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland were taken under German occupation. This trade to Germany in exchange for peace meant that Russia lost 32% of its agricultural land, 26% of its population and 75% of its coal and iron resources. This condition frustrated many pure-communists. It was a political move that was seen as severely un-patriotic, and Lenin was castigated as a traitor by many. Lenin denounced these accusations, noting on his ‘two steps back, one step forward’ philosophy. The biggest political decision made by Lenin, that contradicted the basic principles of communism, is considered to be the New Economic Policy (NEP). On March 7th, 1921, until the 17th of that month, there was an insurgence of revolts that occurred from the naval base at Kronstadt. The sailors that occupied the military base, who had previously greatly supported the Bolshevik movement, now produced a list of demands that included freedom of press, elections by secret ballot and the release of political prisoners. The uprising was of course bloodily suppressed, much like that of the peasants, but it nevertheless prompted Lenin to introduce new political measures that would benefit the economy of the country, and therefore satisfy the frustrated population. The act of requisition of grain was lifted, and the peasants were to pay a low tax that would take the form of food. In addition to this, although the land still belonged to the government, peasants were allowed to sell their surplus grain, as well as hire labor and machinery. The heavy industry, transport and foreign trade still remained in the control of the state, but freedom of enterprise was re-introduced to small businesses and factories. Furthermore, in October 1922, the rouble was introduced again and reconstituted. Although these socioeconomic changes had the potential to help Russia’s economic success and stability, the capitalistic nature of the NEP created uproar amongst the Bolshevik party. Like in the instance of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Lenin was seen as going against the greater-good of his country. Fortunately for Lenin, he had established the rule against factionalism in 1921, right after the uprisings at Kronstadt. This rule ‘On Party Unity’, made the forming of factions within the party illegal, and also condemned anyone who disagreed with the higher rank of the group. Due to the creation of this rule, no one could openly disagree with Lenin, and therefore display animosity against his implication of the NEP.

Practice and Research Clinical Rheumatology

Question: Discuss about the Practice and Research Clinical Rheumatology. Answer: Introduction: Presence of focused issue- The analysis of the randomized controlled trial (RCT) study by Moyle et al. (2014) reveals clear focus of the study as the detail regarding the intervention given to specific population group was clearly mentioned. The main objective was to compare the impact of foot massage and quiet presence on aggression and depressed mood in people with dementia. Hence, the intervention is the foot massage and control variable is the quiet presence. Randomization of intervention- As the research was based on RCT methodology, randomization process was conducted in the trial by randomizing participants by a computer program (Moyle et al. 2014, pp.856-864)). This helps in concealing allocation. It increases the strength of the study by means of eliminating biases and confounding factors in the study (Berkman et al. 2014). By the computer program, patients were randomly allocated to foot massage or quiet presence group (Moyle et al. 2014, pp.856-864)). Analysis of patients in the randomized group- Moyle et al. (2014, pp.856-864) maintained follow-up of patients and this can be said because data of participants who received at least one intervention was statistically analysed by means of Baseline and Post-Test One analysis. Detailed question Blinding process of RCT- Blinding process is an important element of RCT process as it is done to reduce biasness and confounding factors in research. Blinding deals with optimizing the likelihood of differential outcome in research studies. It is done by means of concealment of group allocation from one or more groups of individual in the research study (Karanicolas 2010). In the RCT study conducted by Moyle et al. (2014, pp.856-864)), allocation concealment was done for the participants by means of a computer program. This computer program helped in randomization of participants to intervention (intervention) and control group (Quiet presence). Similarity of the group at the start- Similarity at the start of the group in RCT trial is related to focus of the researcher on maintaining equality of the group at baseline. This is done by keeping factors like age, sex, educational qualification and health status similar for both intervention and control group. While reviewing the research article, it can be said that the researcher considered maintaining the baseline balance in both groups. This can be said because no difference between both groups was seen at base line based on factors like living situation, gender, age, time and medication for disruptive behaviour in participants (Egbewale et al. 2014, p.49). Treatment of groups- The quality of the randomized controlled trial study is enhanced by identification of factors that might influence the performance of one group over the other group. The review of the article revealed the treatment fidelity in the study by giving adequate training to research assistants regarding the protocols to be followed during providing the foot massage (intervention) and quiet presence to people with dementia (Moyle et al. 2014, pp.856-864)). The rigor of the research is also seen by the attention of the researcher to train assistants regarding the core principles needed for supporting people with dementia. Following the core principles is important because dementia is associated with a number of medical difficulties and so careful diagnosis and assessment is necessary to provide sensitive support and relief to dementia patients (James et al. 2017). On this basis, intervention assistant could easily provide standardized massage on each foot of patients and the quiet presence assistant just sat before the participants without interacting or physically touching them. Effect of treatment- To examine the impact of the intervention on two groups of participant, Moyle et al. (2014, pp.856-864)) measured both baseline data and after the end of the study. By this approach of measuring outcome measures prior to initiation of intervention and three weeks after providing the intervention, treatment effect could be easily enhanced. This approach enhanced the quality of RCT and its outcome analysis. Furthermore, outcome was measured specifically by two scales. As the intervention was focused on improving mood disorder and agitation in people with dementia, measuring this outcome was important to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention on target population. Similar strategy was also taken by the researcher to analyse the treatment effect by assessing agitation by Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) Short form and assessing the mood in dementia patients by the Observed Emotion Rating Scale (OERS). The detail in reporting is seen as detailed descripti on about each scale helped to enhance the clarity behind taking these two specific outcome measures. It reflects a focused approach to enhance the quality of study findings and making it reliable to be used in actual setting (Hulley 2013). Estimate of the treatment effect- To judge the reliability of the research study, it is necessary to evaluate how far precision is achieved in the result of the study by addressing the clinical and statistical significance of results. In addition, reporting adverse effects and external validity issues also determine whether target patient may benefit from the intervention or not (Estellat et al. 2009, pp.291-303.). In case of the RCT study for analyzing the efficacy of foot massage as an intervention for dementia patients, the precision in result was maintained by calculating the means and standard deviation of the CMAI and OERS score both at baseline and after the test for intervention and control group. On this basis, the results of the study showed evidence for the increase in total CMAI score in both groups, however symptoms of aggression was more in control group compared to intervention (foot massage) group. Application of results The strength of the study is reflected from the generalizability of research and its application to target population group in actual setting. As the research study by Moyle et al. (2014) was focused on evaluating the efficacy of non-pharmacological treatment options (foot massage in this case) for managing mood disorder and agitation in dementia patients, the research article finally showed that this intervention cannot be applied in real setting. This was because of many limitations found in the intervention. Firstly, foot massage did not significantly reduced agitation or mood disorder in people with dementia. Secondly, certain confounding factors might also be the reason for poor outcome. This may include the unfamiliarity of the participants with the treatment assistant, which have made them uncomfortable. The limitation is also consistent with other findings, which proves that more rigor in research is needed to finally adapt foot massage as an intervention for people with deme ntia (McVicar et al. 2016, pp.739-750). Consideration of important clinical outcomes Although no adverse event was seen due to the intervention, however the clinical outcome is not adequate and additional work is needed in this area. Firstly, many participants reported feeling distressed as unfamiliar people gave them foot massage. This might have affected the result. Hence, in the future study, this limitation can be solved by delivering foot care massage by a familiar person (such as family member or regular care worker) to reduce aggression and agitation in patients. Despite certain limitation, the RCT trial all showed many positive results which might help to improve the efficacy of the intervention in the long run. For instance, foot massage participants became less alert than quiet presence group, which indicates a state of relaxation in intervention group. The strength and credibility of the study is also seen from the way the complete case was analysed and put together. All efforts were made to make the data free from any selection biases and confounding variables (Moyle et al. 2014, pp.856-864). Hence, it reflects that foot massage has the potential for improving symptoms in people with dementia and improvement in outcome can be achieved by more rigorous research to find the condition in which foot massage can promote relaxation in dementia patients. The appropriateness of reporting is also seen as the researcher compared their findings with other research study and gave suggestions on precaution needed in conducting future research design for people with dementia. Reference Berkman, ND Santaguida, PL Viswanathan, M Morton, SC 2014, Study quality assessment. Egbewale, BE Lewis, M Sim, J 2014, Bias, precision and statistical power of analysis of covariance in the analysis of randomized trials with baseline imbalance: a simulation study,BMC medical research methodology,14(1), p.49. Estellat, C Torgerson, DJ Ravaud, P 2009, How to perform a critical analysis of a randomised controlled trial, Best Practice Research Clinical Rheumatology,23(2), pp.291-303. Hulley, SB Cummings, SR Browner, WS Grady, DG Newman, TB 2013, Designing clinical research. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. James, J Knight, J Cotton, B Freyne, R Pettit, J Gilby, L., 2017, Excellent Dementia Care in Hospitals: A Guide to Supporting People with Dementia and their Carers. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Karanicolas, PJ 2010, Practical tips for surgical research: blinding: who, what, when, why, how?, Canadian journal of surgery,53(5), p.345. McVicar, A Greenwood, C Ellis, C LeForis, C 2016, Influence of Study Design on Outcomes Following Reflexology Massage: An Integrative and Critical Review of Interventional Studies, The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine,22(9), pp.739-750. Moyle, W Cooke, ML Beattie, E Shum, DH ODwyer, .T Barrett, S 2014, Foot massage versus quiet presence on agitation and mood in people with dementia: A randomised controlled trial, International journal of nursing studies,51(6), pp.856-864.